Qatar
Official name: State of Qatar
State of Western Asia, Qatar forms a peninsula located in the Arabian peninsula, on the Persian Gulf; it is bordered to the southwest by Saudi Arabia and to the southeast by the United Arab Emirates.
Since its total autonomy from Britain in 1971, Qatar has arisen as one of the world's most significant makers of oil and gas. It is an Islamic State whose laws and customs follow the Islamic practice. Since 2013, the nation has been administered by HH Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani
Qatar is a member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (O.P.E.P.).
Area: 11,400 km2
Number of inhabitants: 2,832 millions (2019)
Capital: Doha
Language: Arabic
Currency: Qatari riyal
Head of State: Tamim ibn Hamad al-Thani
Type of State: monarchy
Based on a desert of stones, the little territory of Qatar was populated from the eighteenth century. on account of the reformist sedentarization of traveling Bedouin clans. Until the revelation of oil, life was moved in the little port of Doha, on the east shoreline of the landmass, a pearl fishing focus, encircled by part of the way deserted palm forests. The inside was essentially unfilled. A couple of wells, without a doubt took care of by profound water tables coming from focal Arabia, situated there pinnacles of asylum shielding the semi-migrant shepherds of the coast against the Bedouins, who questioned the country with them.
Sunni Muslims, Qataris are likewise Wahhabis (adherents of a moderate Islam), like their neighbors in Saudi Arabia. They establish an exceptionally little minority inside the complete populace of the promontory. Settler laborers (Indians, Pakistanis, other Asian nationals, Arabs) address, indeed, 70% of the occupants of the emirate and 80% of its functioning populace.
In May 1970, Sheik Khalifa ibn Hamad al-Thani (individual from the family who has a represented the area since 1868) structures the primary administration of the State of Qatar, and becomes Prime Minister. In September 1971, the emirate declared that it quit any pretense of being essential for the Federation of the United Arab Emirates, broadcasted its autonomy, marked another arrangement with Great Britain, and turned into an individual from the Arab League and the UN.
With the help of the regal family, Sheik Khalifa dismisses the dominant sovereign and acquiesces to the seat (February 22, 1972). The new emir declares a few modernization measures. In 1974, Qatar assumed full responsibility for the oil organizations set up on its region. Sheik Khalifa, who consolidates the elements of Head of State and Prime Minister, takes part in a restricted "parliamentary" experience, by making, in 1972, an Advisory Council, the entirety of whose individuals are picked by the Emir.
In May 1977, Hamad ibn Khalifa al-Thani, oldest child of the Emir, was selected as crown ruler and elevated to Minister of Defense. In March 1981, Qatar partook in the establishing of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) prior to finishing up, in February 1982, a security concurrence with Saudi Arabia.